The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill researchers have achieved a significant breakthrough in biotechnology by engineering artificial cells with life-like behavior using DNA-peptide technology.

In their experiment, the team manipulated peptides and genetic material to create cell cytoskeletons, mimicking the flexible structures found in natural cells. By reprogramming DNA sequences, they directed peptides to form cytoskeletons, a process typically not involving DNA in organic cells.

This programmable DNA technology allows for the creation of artificial cells with customizable functions and responses to stimuli. Despite being less complex than natural cells, these artificial cells offer greater predictability and stability, even at extreme temperatures.

While the focus is currently on developing cells for specific tasks rather than creating entire organisms, the potential applications of this technology are vast. Artificial cells could revolutionize regenerative medicine, cell therapy, drug delivery, and cancer treatment by providing controlled and adaptable cellular structures.

The research team is also exploring the ability to modify cell shape using their peptide-DNA technology, further enhancing cell functionality. Ultimately, this synthetic cell technology has the potential to surpass biological limitations and lead to the development of advanced materials with unprecedented capabilities.